Lausanne, Treaty of, 1922–23. The peace treaty (see Sèvres, Treaty of) imposed by the Allies on the Ottoman Empire after World War I had virtually destroyed Turkey as a national state. The treaty was not recognized by the nationalist government under Mustafa Kemal Pasha (later known as Atatürk). After the nationalist victory over the Greeks and the overthrow of the sultan, Kemal's government was in a position to request a new peace treaty. Accordingly, the signatories of the Treaty of Sèvres and delegates of the USSR (excluded from the previous treaty) met at Lausanne, Switzerland. After lengthy negotiations a peace treaty was signed in 1923. Turkey recovered E Thrace, several Aegean islands, a strip along the Syrian border, the Smyrna district, and the internationalized Zone of the Straits, which, however, was to remain demilitarized and remain subject to an international convention (see Dardanelles). Turkey recovered full sovereign rights over all its territory, and foreign zones of influence and capitulations (see Ottoman Empire) were abolished. Outside the Zone of the Straits, no limitation was imposed on the Turkish military establishment. No reparations were exacted. In return, Turkey renounced all claims on former Turkish territories outside its new boundaries and undertook to guarantee the rights of its minorities. A separate agreement between Greece and Turkey provided for the compulsory exchange of minorities.
Just a thought Imagine for a minute about the exchange of minorities or the more commonly heard "exchange of population". Now chew on this: Imagine the U.S.A., or Canada, or where ever you live right this minute goes to war and the Military comes knocking on your door saying, "we are sending you back to your homeland - Greece." Think about that, 'back to your homeland'. Is not your homeland the place your were born and raised. Our forefathers thought so too.
Pontian Chronicle A brief timetable of events that Shaped Pontian History Page 181 - "The Pontian Question in the United Nations" Michalis Charalambidis Published by Pontian Society of Thessaloniki <<Euxinos Leschi>>
Πόντος από τον Θεοφάνη Μαλκίδη Μέρος της ομιλίας του Θ. Μαλκίδη στην εκδήλωση του Συλλόγου Ποντίων Νταχάου για την ημέρα μνήμης της γενοκτονίας του Ποντιακού Ελληνισμού. Γερμανία 19 Μαΐου 2002.
Η Δημοκρατία του Πόντου KΩΣTAΣ ΦΩTIAΔHΣ ΚAΘHΓHTHΣ IΣTOPIAΣ ΠAIΔAΓΩΓIKO TMHMA ΦΛΩPINAΣ ΠANEΠIΣTHMIO ΔYTIKHΣ MAKEΔONIAΣ
Ο μονοκέφαλος αετός Κωνσταντίνος Χιονίδης Καθηγητής ιατρικής Πανεπιστημίου Βοστόνης Η.Π.Α. Από την ΠΟΝΤΙΑΚΗ ΕΣΤΙΑ, Τεύχος 49, Μάρτιος - Απρίλιος 1983
Treaty of Laussane The explanation of the treaty that made a significant impact on the Hellenic People of Asia Minor. Original treaty can be read through the link provided.
Black Sea (Pontus Euxinus) Geografical and Historical Information "Black Sea," Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2005
Γενικές Πλυροφορίες Ονομασία, έκταση, πληθυσμός Λοιπά γεωγραφικά στοιχεία. Δημογραφικά στοιχεία. Ιστορικά στοιχεία. Διωγμοί-Γενοκτονία.
The Roman Times During the times of Roman Influence Trapezous Newsletter 1988 Constantine Hionides, M.D.